{"id":801,"date":"2010-06-22T11:33:22","date_gmt":"2010-06-22T08:33:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/avz.org.ua\/wp\/?p=801"},"modified":"2013-04-04T13:57:24","modified_gmt":"2013-04-04T10:57:24","slug":"linux-software-raid","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/avz.org.ua\/wp\/2010\/06\/22\/linux-software-raid\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 RAID \u0432 Linux"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"epigraf\">\nRAID will also not help you preserve your data if the server holding the RAID itself is lost in one way or the other (theft, flooding, earthquake, Martian invasion etc.)<br \/>\n(\u0438\u0437 Software-RAID-HOWTO)\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 RAID-\u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f 1. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043b \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441 RAID-\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b:<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-style: italic\">\nDate: Mon, 14 Jun 2010 11:18:44 +0300<br \/>\nFrom: mdadm monitoring &lt;root@some.server.org&gt;<br \/>\nTo: root@some.server.org<br \/>\nSubject: DegradedArray event on \/dev\/md1:some.server.org<\/p>\n<p>This is an automatically generated mail message from mdadm running on some.server.org<br \/>\nA DegradedArray event had been detected on md device \/dev\/md1.<br \/>\nFaithfully yours, etc.<br \/>\nP.S. The \/proc\/mdstat file currently contains the following:<br \/>\nPersonalities : [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid0]<br \/>\nmd1 : active raid1 sdb1[0]<br \/>\n      156288256 blocks [2\/1] [U_]<br \/>\nmd0 : active raid1 sdc3[1] sda3[0]<br \/>\n      4192896 blocks [2\/2] [UU]<br \/>\nunused devices: &lt;none&gt;<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430 md1 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 (\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u044b U \u0432 \/proc\/mdstat). \u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 fdisk -l \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043c\u044f \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \/dev\/sdd \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044b:<\/p>\n<pre lang=\"bash\">\r\n[root@~]# fdisk -l \/dev\/sdd\r\n\u0414\u0438\u0441\u043a \/dev\/sdd: 160.0 \u0413\u0411, 160041885696 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\r\n255 heads, 63 sectors\/track, 19457 cylinders\r\n\u0415\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b = \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440\u044b \u043f\u043e 16065 * 512 = 8225280 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\r\n\u041d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 \/dev\/sdd \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430:<\/p>\n<pre lang=\"bash\">\r\n[root@~]# fdisk -l \/dev\/sdb\r\n\u0414\u0438\u0441\u043a \/dev\/sdb: 160.0 \u0413\u0411, 160041885696 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\r\n255 heads, 63 sectors\/track, 19457 cylinders\r\n\u0415\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b = \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440\u044b \u043f\u043e 16065 * 512 = 8225280 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\r\n\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0440-\u0432\u043e \u0417\u0430\u0433\u0440   \u041d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e    \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446      \u0411\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438  Id  \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\r\n\/dev\/sdb1  *        1    19457  156288321  fd  \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 Linux raid\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 sdd \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \"fd\" (linux raid autodetect) \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432.<\/p>\n<pre lang=\"bash\">\r\n[root@~]# fdisk \/dev\/sdd\r\n\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 (m \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438): n\r\n\u0414\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b\r\n   e   \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439\r\n   p   \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b (1-4)\r\np\r\n\u041d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 (1-4): 1\r\n\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440 (1-19457, \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e 1):\r\n\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e 1\r\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u0438\u043b\u0438 +size \u0438\u043b\u0438 +sizeM \u0438\u043b\u0438 +sizeK (\u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e 19457):\r\n\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e 19457\r\n\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 (m \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438): t\r\n\u0412\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b 1\r\n\u0428\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 (\u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 L \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432): fd\r\n\u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 1 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 fd (\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 Linux raid)\r\n\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 (m \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438): w\r\n\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430!\r\n\u0412\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f ioctl() \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432.\r\n\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438.\r\n\r\n[root@ ~]# fdisk -l \/dev\/sdd\r\n\u0414\u0438\u0441\u043a \/dev\/sdd: 160.0 \u0413\u0411, 160041885696 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\r\n255 heads, 63 sectors\/track, 19457 cylinders\r\n\u0415\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b = \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440\u044b \u043f\u043e 16065 * 512 = 8225280 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\r\n\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0440-\u0432\u043e \u0417\u0430\u0433\u0440   \u041d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e    \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446      \u0411\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438  Id  \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\r\n\/dev\/sdd1           1    19457  156288321  fd  \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 Linux raid\r\n\r\n[root@~]# mdadm --manage \/dev\/md1 --add \/dev\/sdd1\r\nmdadm: re-added \/dev\/sdd1\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u0414\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u0432 \/proc\/mdstat \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e:<\/p>\n<pre>\r\nPersonalities : [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid0]\r\nmd1 : active raid1 sdd1[2] sdb1[0]\r\n  1562882 blocks [2\/1] [U_]\r\n  [===========&gt;...] recovery = 76% (1194268\/1562882) finish=4.3min speed=42M\/sec\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u0410 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441 \"Failed\", \u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430, \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c &ndash; \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440:<\/p>\n<pre lang=\"bash\">\r\n[root@~]# grep md1 \/proc\/mdstat -A 1\r\nmd1 : active raid1 sdb1[1] sdd1[2](F)\r\n      14659200 blocks [2\/1] [_U]\r\n\r\n[root@~]# mdadm --manage \/dev\/md1 --remove \/dev\/sdd1\r\n[root@~]# mdadm --manage \/dev\/md1 --add \/dev\/sdd1\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 2 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430:<\/p>\n<pre lang=\"bash\">\r\n$ cat \/proc\/sys\/dev\/raid\/speed_limit_min\r\n1000\r\n$ cat \/proc\/sys\/dev\/raid\/speed_limit_max\r\n200000\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e (\u0432 \u041a\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\/\u0441\u0435\u043a). \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441, \u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a:<\/p>\n<pre lang=\"bash\">\r\necho 200000 > \/proc\/sys\/dev\/raid\/speed_limit_min\r\n<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>RAID will also not help you preserve your data if the server holding the RAID itself is lost in one way or the other (theft, flooding, earthquake, Martian invasion etc.) (\u0438\u0437 Software-RAID-HOWTO) \u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 RAID-\u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f 1. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043b \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441 RAID-\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b: Date: Mon, 14 Jun 2010 11:18:44 +0300 From: mdadm monitoring [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,21],"tags":[14,75],"class_list":["post-801","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nix","category-tips-and-tricks","tag-linux","tag-raid"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.9 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0434) \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 RAID1, \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e mdadm \u0432 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u043a\u0441\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" 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