{"id":38,"date":"2009-01-09T18:18:39","date_gmt":"2009-01-09T16:18:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/avz.org.ua\/wp\/?p=38"},"modified":"2011-03-27T23:37:01","modified_gmt":"2011-03-27T20:37:01","slug":"linux-nat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/avz.org.ua\/wp\/2009\/01\/09\/linux-nat\/","title":{"rendered":"NAT \u0432 linux"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435: \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u043e\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0441 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u044f \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 - eth0 (\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439) \u0438 eth1 (\u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0439). \u041d\u0430 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0442 ip-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 192.168.0.1\/24. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c NAT (network address translation) \u0432 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0433 (\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d \"\u043c\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0434\") \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435:<\/p>\n<pre lang=\"bash\">\r\necho 1 > \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/ip_forward\r\niptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -s 192.168.0.0\/24 -j MASQUERADE\r\niptables -I FORWARD -d 192.168.0.0\/24 -j ACCEPT\r\niptables -I FORWARD -s 192.168.0.0\/24 -j ACCEPT\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043f.1 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0432 \/etc\/sysctl.conf<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c NAT \u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0443, \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a DNAT, \u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a:<\/p>\n<pre lang=\"bash\">\r\niptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -d 195.5.5.1 \u2013dport 8182 -j DNAT \u2013-to-destination 10.10.10.18:80\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c 195.5.5.1 &ndash; \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 ip-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 195.5.5.1 tcp-\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 8182 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0441 ip-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u043c 10.10.10.18 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 80. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c 10.10.10.18 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c directly-connected \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 (\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0441 DNAT-\u043e\u043c \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432). \u0410 \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e <a href=\"\/wp\/2011\/03\/27\/xinetd-port-redirection\/\">xinetd<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f-\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430 NAT-\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 VPN-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0443 \u2116619, \u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 ip_nat_pptp \u043d\u0430 linux-\u0440\u043e\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 NAT:<\/p>\n<pre lang=\"bash\">\r\nmodprobe ip_nat_pptp\r\n<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435: \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u043e\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0441 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u044f \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 - eth0 (\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439) \u0438 eth1 (\u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0439). \u041d\u0430 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0442 ip-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 192.168.0.1\/24. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c NAT (network address translation) \u0432 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0433 (\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d \"\u043c\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0434\") \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435: echo 1 > \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/ip_forward iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -s 192.168.0.0\/24 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,21],"tags":[14,13,92,94],"class_list":["post-38","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nix","category-tips-and-tricks","tag-linux","tag-nat","tag-xinetd","tag-port-forwarding"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/avz.org.ua\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/avz.org.ua\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/avz.org.ua\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avz.org.ua\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avz.org.ua\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/avz.org.ua\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/avz.org.ua\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avz.org.ua\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avz.org.ua\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}